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All In Interview - Scott Bessent - Recap and Notes - December 22 2025

December 22 2025

  • Budget Deficit - goal was 3%
    • Came down from 1.8T to 1.78T (estimated was 2.0T which would have been much worse)
    • 40% of government spending occurred in the 4th quarter of 2024 during Biden administration trying to convince voters to their side
    • Projecting $200-$300B contraction
      • Year nominal growth of 6%
    • Hoping to get it down to mid 5s
  • Tariffs
    • Alan Greenspan did a great job in the 90s and during Clinton years economy was roaring
      • Folks were even worried there wouldn’t be enough government debt to service some financial actors
    • SF Fed with 150 years of data shows that tariffs are disinflationary and do not cause inflation (see study)
    • Tariff policy is part of national security
    • Fentanyl imports dropping by putting pressure on China
    • Trump retaliated to Chinese rare earth tariffs with his own tariffs
    • Chinese won’t stop producing because of tariffs - their economy is based on volume
    • Current tariffs is to cause a rebalancing of the economy - over time it should actually drop and get higher tax receipts from more jobs, etc
      • Also its about getting more GDP and more reshoring of jobs
    • Supreme Court hearings are compelling hearing
      • Interesting that President will be allowed to put a 100% embargo but not a 1% tariff according to plaintiffs?
  • Inflation
    • Won’t pretend that people aren’t hurting like the Biden administration did
    • Focusing on gas prices dropping - rents dropping with illegal aliens being asked to leave - it will take time
  • Fed’s new “Gain of Function” monetary policy article by Bessent
    • Fed established in 1913 after KnickerBocker crisis of 1907 which one could say makes 1929 crisis look pedestrian
    • Post WW2 Treasury didn’t have any more influence over the Fed
    • Post great financial crisis of 2006-2008 lending was bad for post crash housing prices so rich buyers bought up a bunch of properties
    • Fed kept QE going for too long - led to 2 tier system of asset holders and not
    • Fed exacerbated the economic inequality
      • Read the book by Karen Petrou - Engine of Inequality - The Fed and the Future Wealth of America
    • Now Fed for some reason has 3 agendas - Rate setting policy, Balance sheet policy, Regulatory
    • Fed is losing money every year now - they bought high - this was a mistake
    • 42% of inflation was caused by budget deficit - MIT study
    • We can’t change the inflation targets until we meet the target of 2% and maintain credibility
      • Markets are biology, not math or physics
      • Maybe it should be a range - but first meet the 2% benchmark
  • 2026
    • CapEx boom of 2025 should become employment boom in 2026
    • Tax cuts should help
    • Trump accounts will help fix the problem of 38% of Americans not being equity owners
      • Susan and Michael Dell are putting $6B+

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